The pensions and boarding houses and their role in the „Aryanization of houses and apartments“

When the construction of the house at Martiusstrasse 8 in 1907 was completed, there were initially four apartments on the ground floor. Between 1910 and 1916, a boarding house, the Pension Eger, was established on part of the ground floor. Almost at the same time, the remaining part of the ground floor became the apartment of Clarissa Haimann, the widow of Albert Haimann (see article Haimann). The guesthouse was taken over between 1925 and 1930 by Emma Daser, who lived there with her husband. In 1938 Josef Schulz, who also lived there, took over the premises. It was first run as Pension Daser, then as Daser Boarding House. The Daser Boarding House, later Schulz Retirement Home, was reduced in size after the Second World War. After the war, there were, in addition to the boarding house, four other apartments on the ground floor. Sometime between 1961 and 1966, the boarding house was given up.

According to the city address book, Else Wolbach, who had lived as a private citizen with her sister Maria at Martiusstrasse 8 since October 1, 1933, also used her apartment on the 1st floor as a boarding house from the mid-1930s. Emilie Rescher lived there for some time. Else Wolbach died in 1944, Maria left the house at Martiusstrasse 8 in 1946.

Boarding houses played an important role in the so-called „Aryanization of houses and apartments“ and the ghettoization of Munich’s Jews. With the „Law on Tenancies with Jews“ of April 30, 1939, Jews were excluded from legal tenant protection. Jews could now be expelled from their homes or Jewish subtenants could be forcibly assigned to them. The „Aryanization office“ located at the Gauleitung was given the task of carrying out the de-renting and the admission to new accommodation. In addition to boarding houses, hostels, old people’s homes and hospitals apartments of Jewish tenants were eligible too. These apartments could either belong to non-Jewish landlords, or could be in houses owned by Jews. The latter, so-called „Jewish houses“, were initially deliberately exempted from expropriation to use them to house Jewish tenants who had been thrown out of their own apartments. Often, they were forced to change their accommodation every few months or weeks.

In addition to the exploitation of the vacant apartments, the goal was to ghettoize Munich’s Jews and herd them together in confined spaces. Two people were considered the minimum occupancy for a room. By the end of 1941, the practice of moving Jewish tenants and owners out of their apartments had as result that the Jewish population of Munich was crammed together in a few overcrowded „Jewish houses“, apartments and other accommodations such as boarding houses.

They were e.g. housed in the Daser boarding house, in the Pension Wolbach and in the apartments of Clarissa Haimann and Charlotte Perutz at Martiusstrasse 8.